Iyo yekutanga Nzira Yekugadzirisa Iyo Density, Kuomarara, Uye Gloss Ye PE, PP, PVC Zvigadzirwa

Kuwanda, kuomarara, uye kubwinya kwepurasitiki kunogona kuderedzwa kana kuwedzerwa nenzira dzakakodzera dzekudzikisa kana kuwedzera kwepurasitiki yekutanga kuenzana, kuwedzera kuomarara kana kuwedzera kushanduka, uye shandura kubwinya kuzadzikisa zvido zvekushandisa kwakasiyana.

1.Nzira yekuderedza kuwanda kwepurasitiki?
Kuderedza kuwanda kwepurasitiki kunoreva kudzikisa huwandu hwepurasitiki hwekutanga kuburikidza nenzira dzakakodzera kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekushandisa. Kune nzira nhatu dzekudzora kuwanda kwepurasitiki: kupupura furo, kuwedzera zvisingasviki mafiringi, uye kusanganisa mwenje resini.

1. Kuchinja mafuro
Iyo furo kuumbwa kwepurasitiki zvigadzirwa ndiyo inonyanya kushanda nzira yekudzikisa huwandu hwayo. Idzi nzira mbiri dzekushandura dzekuwedzera dzakareruka zvinowedzerwa uye kusanganisa mwenje resini dzinogona chete kudzikamisa kuwanda zvishoma, uye kuderera kunowanzo kuve kungangoita 50%. Iyo yakaderera hukama hwehukama inogona kusvika chete 0.5. Ukobvu hwezvigadzirwa zvemapurasitiki furo zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya, uye huwandu hwehukama hunogona kudzikira kusvika gumi kusvika gumi. Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvedu zvezuva nezuva zvePVC zvinosanganisira PVC furo bhodhi, PVC furo shangu chete, Pombi furo chubhu, PVC furo chimiro, PVC huni mapurasitiki furo zvigadzirwa (inofamba musuwo pani, musuo tambo, madziro pani, nezvimwewo), PVC bvudzi Soak pasi matai zvichingodaro.
2. Wedzera mwenje
Senge PE, PP, CPE, ABS, MBS, senge hupfu hwehuni, mhango dzegirazi mhete, nezvimwe. senge microstructure ye microbead fillers, nzira iyi inoita kuti kuderedzwa kwehuwandu kuve kushoma. Kazhinji, iyo yakaderera hukama hwehukama inogona kudzikira kusvika panenge 0.4-0.5. Kuwanda kwehuwandu hwekuzadza hwakanyanya kukwirisa kupfuura iyo yemapurasitiki, uye kunongova nemhando dzinotevera dzekuzadza nehuremu hwehukama hwehukama kupfuura mapurasitiki. Iko kuzadza kuri nani ivhu rakavezwa, iro rine giravhiti diki pane calcium poda. Mutengo wacho hauna kunyanya kusiyana neuyo wechiedza calcium, uye kukosha kwekutora mafuta kwakaenzana neiyo yecalcium powder.

1) Marozari
● Hukama hwegirazi mahombekombe egirazi (yakatetepa marozari) iri 0.4-0.7, inonyanya kushandiswa kutemetorinesi resimbi;
● Kuwanda kwehukama hwe phenolic microbeads iri 0.1.

2) Organic mafirita
● Huremu hwehukama hwekorkini hune 0.5, uye inooneka viscosity ndi0.05-0.06;
● Hukama hwehukama hwefibisi guruva uye guruva rekotoni ndi0.2-0.3;
● Zvibereko zvekusona michero zvakaita seupfu hwesadza remupunga, nzungu, uye hushu hwekokonati.
● Senge mapurasitiki, emvura yemukati neyekunze mafuta, nezvimwewo, kuwanda kweiyo yakachena polyvinyl chloride ndeye 1.4g / cm3, uye plasticized polyvinyl chloride (ine inenge 40% plasticizer) iri 1.19 ~ 1.35;

3. Kubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvisina kuremerwa
Wedzera yakaderera-simbi yepurasitiki inosanganiswa, senge PE, PP, CPE, ABS, MBS; kune zvakare mhando yekureruka kuzadza: huni hupfu, inova iyo yakanaka fiber yehuni, inova yakajeka. Asi pane zvimwe zvinogumira, zvinoenderana neako Shandisa nzira dzakasiyana.

2. Nzira yekuwedzera sei kuwanda kwemapurasitiki?
Kuwedzera kuwanda kwepurasitiki inzira yekuwedzera huwandu hwehukama hwepakutanga resin, kunyanya nekuwedzera zvinorema mafirita uye kusanganisa inorema resini.

1. Wedzera zvinorema kuzadza
● Upfu hwesimbi
● Heavy mineral filler
2. Kubatanidza resini rinorema
Iyi nzira ine yekuvandudzika kudiki uye kazhinji inogona kungosvika inosvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana pakakwirira. Inonyanya kukodzera kune mamwe mabhenji akareruka akadai sePE, PP, PS, EVA, PA50, uye PPO, nezvimwe zvinorema resini zvinowedzerwa PTFE, FEP, PPS, uye POM, nezvimwe.

3. Ungachinja sei kuoma kwepurasitiki?
1. Pfungwa uye mumiriri wekuoma
Kuoma kunoreva kugona kwechinhu kurwisa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma kunzwisisa zvinopinda mukati mayo.
Iko kuomarara kukosha kunoenderana nemamiriro ehuwandu hunoratidza kuomarara kwechinhu. Icho hachisi chakachena uye chakasarudzika huwandu hwemuviri. Iko kukura kwehurema hwekukosha hakungotarise pane izvo zvinhu pachayo asiwo zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekuyedza uye nzira dzekuyera Nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuyera kuyera, kukosha kweukukura kwakayerwa kwezvinhu zvakafanana hakuna kufanana. Naizvozvo, kuenzanisa kuomarara pakati pezvinhu, iyo nzira yekuyera kuomarara kukosha kunofanirwa kushandiswa pakuenzanisa.

Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzinowanzo shandiswa kuratidza kuomarara:
● Kuoma kwemahombekombe
● Rockwell kuoma
● Mohs kuomarara

2. Kubatanidza kunonatsiridza kuomarara kwepurasitiki
Iyo epurasitiki inosanganisa yekuvandudza nzira ndeyekusanganisa yakakwira-kuomarara resini ine yakaderera-kuomarara resini kuwedzera kwayo kwese kuomarara. Standard yakasanganiswa resini ndeye PS, PMMA, ABS, uye MF, nezvimwewo Iwo ma resini anoda kuchinjwa anonyanya kuve PE, PA, PTFE, uye PP.
3. Compound yekuvandudza kuomarara kwepurasitiki
Iyo nzira yeplastiki inosanganisa kuvandudza kuomarara ndeyekusanganisa dura rehurema-hwakaomarara resini pane yakadzika-kuomarara epurasitiki zvigadzirwa 'nzvimbo. Iyi nzira inonyanya kukodzera kuburitsa zvigadzirwa, senge mahwendefa, machira, mafirimu, uye pombi. Inowanzo shandiswa inoumbwa nesimbi maPS, PMMA, ABS, uye MF.
4. Yakagadziriswa pamusoro pekuomarara kwepurasitiki
Iyi nzira inoreva kungovandudza kuoma kwepurasitiki yechigadzirwa chekunze, nepo kuomarara kwemukati kwechigadzirwa kuchiramba kusati kwachinja. Iyi inzira yakachipa-yekuomesa yekuvandudza nzira.
Iyi nzira yekushandura inonyanya kushandisa dzimba, zvekushongedza zvinhu, zvigadzirwa zvemaziso, uye zvinodikanwa zvezuva nezuva. Iyi nzira yekushandura inosanganisira zvakajeka nzira nhatu: kupfeka, kupenda, uye kurapwa kwepamusoro.

4.Nzira yekuvandudza kuchinjika kwemapurasitiki?
Intuitively kutaura, kuchinjika kwepurasitiki kunoreva kupfava kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki. Ndokunge, iyo yakapfava chigadzirwa chepurasitiki, zvirinani kuchinjika kwayo. Mune polymer fizikiki, chinja chinotsanangura seicho chivakwa chemapolimani maketani anogona kuchinja iwo akafanana. Iko kuchinjika kwepurasitiki kunoenderana nekamoreketani cheni chimiro cheayo polymer.

1. Wedzera plasticizer
Plasticizer inoreva kirasi yezvinhu inogona kusimudzira mapurasitiki emapuroyumu. It ainyanya anoshandisa nokuti PVC nebwe. Huwandu hwepurasitiki muPvv inogona kuverengerana inopfuura 98% yehuwandu hwakazara hwepurasitiki. Pamusoro pePVC, mapurasitiki anoshandisa zvakare mumapolymers akadai sePVDC, CPE, SBS, polyvinyl acetate, nitrocellulose, PA, ABS, uye PVA.
2.Mabasa makuru evapurasitiki anotevera:
● Deredza kutonhora kwekunyunguduka uye kusungunuka viscosity yeiyo polymer, nokudaro ichideredza kupisa kwayo kwekugadzirisa tembiricha.
● Gadzira zvigadzirwa zvepolymer zvine hunyoro, kusimba, uye kushoma-kupisa tembiricha.

3.Iyo chaiyo mashandiro ekuita kweiyo plasticizer iri seinotevera:
● Vhoriyamu mhedzisiro
● Kudzivirira

5.Improve epurasitiki Gloss
Kune nzira mbiri dzekuvandudza kubwinya kwepurasitiki. Imwe ndeyekuvandudza kubwinya kwepamusoro kwepurasitiki zvigadzirwa, izvo zvinodaidzira kujekesa shanduko; imwe ndeye kudzora zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki 'pevhu gloss, inonzi matting modification.
Kupenya kwepurasitiki kunoreva kuvandudza kubwinya kwepasi kana kupedzisa zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki. Kunze kwesarudzo inonzwisisika yezvinhu zvakasvibirira, nzira dzakananga dzinosanganisira kuwedzera nzira inopenya, kusanganisa nzira inopenya, chimiro chekudzora kujekesa nzira, kuumba michina kutsetseka kudzora, mbiri Sub-kugadzirisa kupenya kwekusimudzira nzira, uye pamusoro pekupfeka kupenya kusimudzira nzira, nezvimwe.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinounza nzira inopenya yepurasitiki:
1. Kusarudzwa kwepurasitiki mbishi zvigadzirwa
Iyo sarudzo inonzwisisika yemapurasitiki mbishi zvinhu ndizvo zvakakosha kuita kuti kuvandudza kwepamusoro kupedzisa kwepurasitiki zvigadzirwa. Kana iyo mbishi yakasarudzwa zvakanaka, zviri nyore kugadzirisa gloss; kana zvisina kudaro, zvinonyanya kuomarara.
Zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvinogona kuganhurwa muzvikamu zviviri: resin uye zvinowedzera.
2. Sarudzo yedura
Hunhu hweresini hune chinonyanya kukoshesa pamusoro pemvura yepurasitiki zvigadzirwa, uye ndiyo nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzora kubwinya kwepurasitiki zvigadzirwa. Simba rayo pamusoro pekupenya kwechinhu chakabatana chepurasitiki zvigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinotevera zvinhu.

1) Mhando dzakasiyana dzebwe
Iko kubwinya kwezvigadzirwa zvinoenderana zvemhando dzakasiyana dzedhiri zvakatosiyana. Iyo inowanzo funga kuti kupenya kweanotevera resini 'zvine hukama zvigadzirwa zviri nani: melamine resin, ABS, PP, zviuno, PE, POM, PMMA, uye PPO, nezvimwe, pakati pazvo melamine resin uye ABS maviri marudzi e gloss ndiwo akanyanya yakatanhamara.
Kune iro resin, iyo synthesis nzira yakasiyana, uye kubwinya kwesimbi inoenderana nechigadzirwa zvakare. Semuenzaniso:
● Kune PP, kubwinya kwemhando dzakasiyana kwakagadzirwa nedzimwe nzira dzekupolimisa kunotevera: PP-R> homopolymer PP> block copolymer PP.
● Kune PE, kubwinya kwemarudzi matatu akasiyana kunotevera: LDPE> LLDPE> HDPE
● Kune PVC, emulsion PVC resin ine yakakwira kubwinya pane kumiswa PVC resin.
● Kune PS resin, kubwinya kwepamusoro-kukanganisa polystyrene (HIPS) kwakakura kupfuura kweiyo general-chinangwa polystyrene (GPPS)

2) Hunhu hwebwe
Izvo zvakasarudzika hunhu hwakasiyana, uye kubwinya kune zvimwewo. Pakati pezvinhu zveiyo resin, izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa kupenya.
● Kazhinji, iyo inonyunguduka kuyerera chiyero (MFR), inowedzera kubwinya kwechigadzirwa chakabatana.
● Iko kusimba kwehuremu hwemaoremu hunonyanya kuratidzwa muhupamhi hwekuparadzirwa kwemorekuru. Iyo yakafara mamorekuru kugoverwa kwehuremu, iyo yakadzika gloss yezvinhu zvinoenderana. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti masero ekuparadzira uremu akazara, uye kusaenzana kwechinhu kwakawedzera.
● Iko kukanganisa kwekutorwa kwemvura Iyo resin ine kukwirisa kwemvura kwakanyanya ine simba rakanyanya pane inoenderana zvigadzirwa 'gloss. Semuenzaniso, PA, PI, PSF, uye PC ine ester boka (-COOR) uye galantamine boka (-CONH2) mune mamorekuru, kana isina kuomeswa kana kuomeswa zvisina kukwana, mabhuni emvura, mabhuru, uye waya dzesirivha zvinogadzirwa pa pamusoro pechigadzirwa. , Maka, maronda, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti kubwinya kwepasi kuderedzwe.

3. Kusarudzwa kwezvokuwedzera
Pakati pezvese zvinowedzerwa zvepurasitiki, mafiringi ane chinonyanya kukosha pa gloss, inoteverwa nemaplasticizers, stabilizers, uye murazvo retardants, asi mhedzisiro yacho iri diki. Iko kukurudzira kwezadza pane kubwinya kunogona kupatsanura muzvinhu zvinotevera:

1) Rudzi rwekuzadza
Mafirita akasiyana ane mhedzisiro pane kubwinya. Kunze kwegirazi microbeads, angangoita ese mafiripi anoderedza kupenya kwezvigadzirwa zvakazadzwa, asi kudzikira kuri kuwedzera.
Iko kukanganisa kwezhinji zvinozadza pane kubwinya kwezvakazadzwa zvigadzirwa zvinotevera: simbi munyu> girazi fiber
2) Chimiro chekuzadza
Maumbirwo akasarudzika emicroscope ekuzadza zvidimbu ane zvimwe zvinokanganisa kubwinya kwezvigadzirwa. Iwo marongero ehukuru hwekukanganisa idenderedzwa
3) Iyo saizi kukura kweiyo kuzadza
Iyo diki iyo yekuzadza iyo particle saizi, idiki iyo inoderera mune iyo yekuzadza chigadzirwa's gloss. Zvakare, iyo yekuzadza chidimbu saizi yekuparadzira upamhi hwakasiyana, uye mhedzisiro pakupenya kwechigadzirwa chakazadzwa chakasiyanawo. Iko kukanganisa mutemo ndiko kwakazara kuzadza kwehukuru hwekuparadzira saizi, iyo yakadzika pasi gloss yechigadzirwa chakapihwa. Izvi zvinonyanya nekuti iyo yakanyanya kukosha iyo yekuzadza matinji saizi renji, iyo isina kuenzana iyo izere chigadzirwa chigadzirwa pamusoro, zvakanyanya mukana wechiedza wechiitiko unogona kuburitsa kuratidzira kwakapatsanuka.
4) Kuzadza huwandu hwekuzadza
Kuzadza kwekuzadza kunowedzera uye kubwinya kwepamusoro kwechigadzirwa chakazadza kunodzikira. Kutora CaCO3 yakashanda PP sisitimu semuenzaniso, kana iyo CaCO3 yekuzadza huwandu iri 5%, iyo yakapihwa chigadzirwa pevhu gloss iri 50%. Kana iyo CaCO3 yekuzadza huwandu iri 15%, kubwinya kwekuzadza kunodonha kusvika ku32%.